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A Hundred Years Of Climate Change

November 1, 2021
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By Paul Homewood

 

Last month was unusually mild in England. Indeed it was the 16th warmest in the Central England Temperature Series, dating back to 1659.

Curiously though it was not even as warm as October 1921, a hundred years ago:

 image

 

In fact, as the YTD temperatures stand at the moment, temperatures for January to October were a full half a degree higher in 1921 than this year:

 

image

https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html

While the global elite are trying to restructure our society in the name of the climate, we need to understand just how little our weather has actually changed.

47 Comments
  1. Jim Le Maistre permalink
    November 1, 2021 7:40 pm

    What causes Climate Change? Such a simple Question . . . Ask people, and you will get any one of a set of pre-defined concise answers. Elevated ‘Man-Made’ CO2, the Greenhouse effect from burning fossil fuels, human intervention in natural habitats, pollution from industry and on and on. I wager VERY FEW will say Volcanoes. Yet, when we carefully study the History of Planet Earth it has always been Massive Volcanoes that have brought Climate Change that is Cold. When Mother Nature does express herself through these Volcanoes – the crushing truth evolves. Then we learn the True Power of Nature in our lives on this Little Blue Planet. Volcanoes cause Climate Change . . . Cold Climate Change . . . NOT CO2 . . . NOT burning fossil fuels and NOT the Cycles of the Sun . . . VOLCANOES !!!

    Regardless of how well-founded people think the Science may be that seems to point to CO2 from Man-Made sources as the cause for Climate Change and Global Warming, we are one Volcanic Eruption away from learning the truth about the cycles of life on Earth. Far too many easily defined ‘Convenient Correlations’ have been made by studying a highly limited set of parameters. Produced by people whose only goal is to prove the ‘Man-Made’ cause and effect of Warming. Climate Change is Real! Pollution is Real! Humanity is destroying everything in sight! We are poisoning everything we touch. We bring almost every creature we come in contact with into extinction and we have been destroying our Natural Forests for a thousand years. We seem to believe in our own superiority over everything. Air, water and soil Pollution have been growing ever since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. These are the inescapable truths resulting from unbounded, exponential growth and Human Consumption. This has led to unrelenting environmental degradation all over the World. There is a lot more to the Interconnected phenomenon that is Climate Change in a broader context including Nature and its effect on the Climate of Planet Earth. Simple cause and effect relationships in complex situations, filled with ambiguity, must give way to a wider complex of input and knowledge. A deeper understanding of Climate Change in this single field of study must be complemented by a more comprehensive perspective. We must add the interconnected complexities of Nature. Introducing of a broad-based look at History, along with some intuitive common sense and broad-based Scientific Input.

    • Broadlands permalink
      November 1, 2021 7:59 pm

      Jim, If volcanic eruptions made a difference to the CO2 in the global atmosphere it would show up on those charts at Mauna Loa. There is, however, a very strong, almost perfect correlation between Mauna Loa CO2 and the sum total of all of our activities…population. This was well-illustrated by Newell and Marcus in 1987 in their paper “Carbon Dioxide and People”… Figure 1.

      Major volcanoes have actually cooled the climate, temporarily, by virtue of sulfur aerosols even as CO2 had been rising. Right now our added CO2 has been greening the Earth as seen from NOAA satellites.

      • Jim Le Maistre permalink
        November 1, 2021 8:55 pm

        The little Ice Age . . . The cooling period we are coming out of . . .

        A stream of colossal volcanoes above VEI 6 over a period of nearly 700 years kept the world suppressed under sharply lower temperatures and covering the planet in Glaciers in places not seen in 1000 years. In the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres vol.118 Jihong Cole-Dai et al. suggest that “the most prominent century-scale climactic episode in the last 1000 years is The Little Ice Age”. Here is the list of consecutive VEI 6 or greater volcanoes that we are aware of in that 700-year period. 16 all together.

        Samalas, Philippines 1258 – 7, 1280 Quilotoa, Ecuador – 6, Unknown (Krakatoa?) 1453 – 6, Kuwae, Vanuatu 1457 – 6, 1477 Baroarbunga, Iceland, – 6, 1580 Billy Mitchell, New Guinea – 6, 1600 Huaynaputina, Peru, – 6, 1660 Santorini, Greece – 6 1660, long Island, New Guinea, – 6, 1783 Laki, Iceland – 6+, 1809 unknown south America – 6, 1815 Tambora, Indonesia – 7, 1835, Cosiguina, Nicaragua – 6, 1883, Krakatoa, Indonesia – 6, 1902, Santa Maria, Guatemala, – 6, 1912, Novarupta, Alaska – 6.

        That is 14 – VEI 6 volcanoes, and 2 – VEI 7’s. Just to add a little more emphasis to the climatological effects of Volcanoes, in or around the years where these Volcanoes erupted the following civilizations disappeared. Easter Island, The Great Zimbabwe, The Mayan civilization and the Vikings of Greenland. The cumulative effect of Volcanic activity is enormous. The cooling peaked in 1750. The second coldest moment on over 10,000 years. Slowly but surly by the mid 1950’s the cooling trend seemed to be over and the climate seemed to be returning to normal. At that time there was even a little temperature spike which, as we know, is continuing today, stronger than at any time since 1750.

        Today in what is described as ‘An Inter Glacial Period’, The Holocene, we are having a reprieve from the incessant Violence brought upon the World by Volcanoes. Planet Earth is warm for only the second time in 250 thousand years. This Warming Period permits Food Production in the Prairies, Europe and China. Places where 10 kilometers of Ice usually would stand. For little more than 10 thousand years Humanity has had it good. Life for 7 billion people is possible. The last warming period 150,000 years ago. The Eemian only lasted about 15,000 years. Let us learn to give thanks to global warming, while it lasts . . .

      • Jim Le Maistre permalink
        November 1, 2021 9:19 pm

        Furthermore, during the Bronze Age Cold Epoch and well into The Roman Warming period The Sahara Desert was a green Oasis teaming with life of all kinds including Human Habitation. That is what drew Alexander to conquer Egypt for the food production . . . To feed his armies and conquer the known world.

      • Phoenix44 permalink
        November 2, 2021 8:10 am

        Why would there be a near perfect correlation between population and CO2? Emissions per head vary hugely and there is a strong negative correlation in highly emitting countries between emissions growth and population because of the wealth effect. Moreover rising CO2 causes more CO2 to be absorbed by plants and probably to be outgassed from the oceans. There are also significant other sources such as volcanoes.

      • Chaswarnertoo permalink
        November 2, 2021 8:24 am

        Correlation is not causation. The Neaderthals had hippos in the the Thames. Humans do well in warmer conditions, as do food crops.

      • Stuart Hamish permalink
        November 4, 2021 3:33 pm

        Jim Le Maistre : ” Today, .in what is described as an interglacial period , the Holocene , we are having a reprieve from the incessant violence brought upon the world by volcanoes ”

        You contradicted your own argument again . Every VEI 6- 7 volcanic eruption you listed above, all the civilizations you [ dubiously ] alleged were destroyed by volcanogenic climate disruption and the 1300 – 1850 Little Ice Age [ 550 year duration – not 700 years ] are late Holocene events. Furthermore the Earth is not warm ” for only the second time in only 250 thousand years ” You just made that up and once again contradicted yourself The Eemian Warming is disputatiously dated 128 000 – 115000 years BP .- not 150 000 or 250 000 years ago. There were other warm interstadial’s between the Eemian and the Holocene regardless ..

    • November 2, 2021 6:06 am

      2004. What is never mentioned by the climate fanatics

      https://www.mpg.de/research/sun-activity-high

      “The Sun is more active now than over the last 8000 years
      An international team of scientists has reconstructed the Sun’s activity over the last 11 millennia and forecasts decreased activity within a few decades

      And now it’s at a long time minimum…

      OCTOBER 28, 2004
      The activity of the Sun over the last 11,400 years, i.e., back to the end of the last ice age on Earth, has now for the first time been reconstructed quantitatively by an international group of researchers led by Sami K. Solanki from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany). The scientists have analyzed the radioactive isotopes in trees that lived thousands of years ago. As the scientists from Germany, Finland, and Switzerland report in the current issue of the science journal “Nature” from October 28, one needs to go back over 8,000 years in order to find a time when the Sun was, on average, as active as in the last 60 years. Based on a statistical study of earlier periods of increased solar activity, the researchers predict that the current level of high solar activity will probably continue only for a few more decades”

      • dave permalink
        November 2, 2021 8:37 am

        “Based on a statistical study…high solar activity will probably only continue for a few more decades.”

        In the absence of a robust understanding of causes and effects in the Sun, a ‘statistical study’ is really only guesswork. However, Solar Cycle 25, two years in, is shaping up as ‘weakish’ and resembling Solar Cycle 24:

        There are causal theories of the variation in Solar magnetism but there is not much of a common thread in them. Despite thus coming at the problem with different assumptions, they tend to unite in predicting Solar Cycles 25 and 26 to be weak or very weak; and this takes care of the next two decades at least.

      • dave permalink
        November 2, 2021 9:08 am

        Of course a proper ‘statistical study’ enables a prediction in general terms.
        The Sun is old and set in its ways. If the recent high activity is unusual it
        will revert to more normal levels – at some time.

      • Stuart Hamish permalink
        November 3, 2021 4:28 pm

        This is an excerpt from Box 9.2 of the IPCC WGI Report eight years ago on the global warming hiatus : “In summary ,the observed recent warming hiatus [ the IPCC acknowledged the pause at the time ] ,defined as the reduction in GMST trend during 1998 – 2012 ….is attributable in roughly equal measure to a cooling contribution from internal variability and a reduced trend in external forcing ….primarily due to a negative forcing trend from both volcanic eruptions and the downward phase of the solar cycle ” ..Fluctuations in solar activity , cloud cover variation , polar albedo , vulcanism and so forth are still powerful natural climate influences . The modern warming is not entirely or predominantly man made and may not last into the next two decades Even NASA published an article on the NASA website [ deleted in 2011 under the Obama administration. Still archived on the Wayback Machine ] highlighting the Sun as the force majeure of the Earths climate

      • November 3, 2021 4:35 pm

        Here’s the link. Removed in 2011 I believe

        “The Sun is the primary forcing of Earth’s climate system. Sunlight warms our world. Sunlight drives atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns. Sunlight powers the process of photosynthesis that plants need to grow. Sunlight causes convection which carries warmth and water vapor up into the sky where clouds form and bring rain. In short, the Sun drives almost every aspect of our world’s climate system and makes possible life as we know it.”

    • Phoenix44 permalink
      November 2, 2021 8:03 am

      “We bring almost every creature we come in contact with into extinction.”

      A little silly. There have been five major extinctions, none caused by us. We have made a few species extinct directly and a few more indirectly by introducing things like rats to islands. But we have made no difference to the tens of millions of insect species, simple species in the sea, protozoa or other non-cuddly big species. There’s more to life on Earth than pandas and dodos.

      • David Wild permalink
        November 2, 2021 1:01 pm

        Ironically, some so-called green energy suppliers are massacring wildlife at an astonishing rate. The ends of the blades of wind turbines move at nearly the speed of sound, giving wildlife NO chance at all. There are some suggestions that each wind turbine kills around 2 birds or bats a day. You don’t see the greenies lamenting that!
        The disruption of ocean life by wind turbines is also ignored.
        Fields full of solar panels suppress all sorts of fields life though some smaller animals may benefit.
        That’s without considering the mining of all sort of materials needed to build the D*****d thing.
        Anyone fancy doing a PhD on the detrimental

      • Gerry, England permalink
        November 2, 2021 1:39 pm

        Blame the Romans. Watching Bethany Hughes presenting Rome: the rise and fall, she said that they brought in so many wild animals for use and slaughter in the arenas that so species were wiped out. There was no specific mention of any but I guess a bit of internet research might help.

  2. Broadlands permalink
    November 1, 2021 7:42 pm

    While on that topic, what is the Central England 20th century average temperature?
    In the US it is 52°F. NOAA says the global average is 57°F…five degrees warmer.

    • LeedsChris permalink
      November 1, 2021 10:38 pm

      The mean annual CET temperature (Central England) was exactly 50.0F or 10.0C for the standard reference period 1981-2010

    • Phoenix44 permalink
      November 2, 2021 7:58 am

      But beware averages. What do they mean exactly? If a ten year average is higher than the previous ten year average because it has fewer cooler years but it has no hotter years, what do we care? Do insects with life spans measured in months or weeks care? What does it matter if some places don’t have snow for a ten year period?

      If you plot CET on a rolling average you can get all sorts of shapes depending on the period you choose – but every single one reduces the data because CET is highly variable. More interesting is to plot maximum temperature (i.e. record high). That gives a short step up from the beginning of the record to around 1700 then a completely flat line until very recently with a couple of short steps up again.

  3. mervhob permalink
    November 1, 2021 7:44 pm

    As the late Alan Coren stated, ‘One, two, three, four, all together, foreigner’s have climate – we have weather!

  4. November 1, 2021 7:47 pm

    Don’t confuse the COP26 delegates with facts. They all know without any doubt that the climate everywhere is warming at an accelerating rate and will soon be irreversible.

    • Martin Brumby permalink
      November 2, 2021 4:35 am

      Nay, Phillip!
      You forgot to mention that it is all our fault!

      Particularly if you are melanin deficient, old and don’t have a cervix.

      (Shambles off, wailing, gnashing teeth…)

  5. cookers52 permalink
    November 1, 2021 8:29 pm

    Paul,
    The COP26 net zero bandwagon has been jumped on by every politician, because that is the only skill politicians have.

    Even the archbishop of Canterbury has launched in with an attack on the speculative genocide comparing it to real genocide, what a Dick he is, perhaps he should concentrate on protecting the vulnerable within the Church of England, not protecting paedophiles!

    In many ways it doesn’t matter, because what happens will happen and politicians have no idea what the future holds and turning political strategy into workable outcomes is beyond their talents.

    Nearly all political strategies fail in implementation, and this is going to be a historical failure. But history will be written recording its undoubted success. How the politicians and science saved the planet, from what it was saved rom I am not sure, as the planet doesn’t care.

    Most things in life don’t matter and this doesn’t matter at all.

  6. mervhob permalink
    November 1, 2021 9:52 pm

    Jim le Maistre, David Keys in his excellent book, ‘Catastrophe’ shows the clear correlation between the massive volcanic eruption in the mid sixth century and the following changes in human population behaviour. A massive volcanic explosion, in the Sunda Straits between Sumartra and Java, close to where the later eruption of Krakatoa occured, caused climate change that had dire consquenses for human population all over the planet. Human migration, famine and plague laid waste to populations as diverse as the remains of the Roman empire, and cities in Meso-America. This volcanic event was one of the largest in the last 50,000 years. Up to 100,000 cubic miles of gas, water vapour and magma were thrown into the upper atmosphere and the effects lasted decades, its charateristic signature being present in ice cores and tree rings all over the planet. Volcanos, depending on the crust overlying the magma chamber, produce large quantities of sulphur and CO2 aerosols that persist in the upper atmosphere for decades – witness the spectacular sunsets seen in Europe in the 1880s, after Krakatoa in 1883 and the complaints about the weather recorded at that epoch in cartoons in ‘Punch’ and ‘Fun Almanac’. So I agree, volcanic events have had a major influence on climate on this planet, an effect far greater than that of a small percentage increase in atmospheric CO2.

    • November 2, 2021 6:10 am

      Id also recommend Geoffrey Parker’s magnum opus “Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century” – which looks at the 17th century, i.e. the depths of the LIA and its catastrophic effect on the globe.

      https://history.osu.edu/publications/global-crisis-war-climate-change-and-catastrophe-seventeenth-century

    • Stuart Hamish permalink
      November 3, 2021 8:08 am

      Despite his impressive array of research and his intelligent arguments , David Key’s ‘ superb 1999 ‘Catastrophe’ tour de force pinpointing a caldera eruption of Krakatoa or another volcano in the Indonesia archipelago in 535 – 36 is obsolete or at least incomplete . The tephra carbon14 dating results were so wide in range they are not at all convincing ..Nor the Rabaul candidate favored by other paleo-ecologists . Scientific research has moved on and the enigma is now essentially solved with an interdisciplinary approach Merv. Uniformitarian ideology, temporal chauvinism , narrowcast specialization and what may be termed a ‘ theoretical false dichotomy ‘ were always impediments to understanding the complexity of the 536 -45 tree ring dated dust veil event , the climatic instability of the Late Antiquity Dark Ages and the myths and legends of that era.
      See the 2014 publication : ” What Caused Terrestrial Dust Loading and Climate Downturns Between AD 533 and 540 ? ” , Abbott , Barron et al , Geological Society of America Special Papers ,2014 ;505 The Abstract of which reads : ” Both cometary dust and volcanic sulfate probably contributed to the profound global dimming during AD 536 and 537 ” The eyewitness observations and chronicles of Cassiodorous , Procopius , John Malalas and Zachariah of Mitylene corroborate the scientific evidence

  7. Graeme No.3 permalink
    November 1, 2021 10:04 pm

    Claiming that Climate Conferences are a failure ignores the benefits.
    Lots of favourable publicity “for the cause” for months.
    Lots of expenses paid trips for politicians and public servants, along with “activists” given payment by Organisations who get the ‘ready’ from the EU and UN.
    A bonanza for the local cash only industries.
    And the psychological boost for attendees over “saving the world” before and during the Conference.
    And also it diverts the public from thinking about what value they get from the money they pay out (involuntary) for the farce of “saving the climate”.

  8. Jim Le Maistre permalink
    November 1, 2021 10:12 pm

    Excellent entry . . . This is how I described that mid 6th century eruption you mention . . .

    The Dark Ages Cooling Period

    A new era to end those “Glory Days” of Roman superiority in the known world. You guessed it . . . Volcanoes. This time two Colossal Volcanoes on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean erupted more or less at the same time (in planetary terms). First the notorious Indonesian Volcano, Krakatoa erupted as a VEI 7 volcano. Early Chinese reports of this Eruption have been confirmed. Then, more or less in the same year, Ilopango in El Salvador, Central America, Erupted as a VEI 6.9 volcano. Documentary evidence clearly demonstrates that the years 435 and 436 would launch the worst natural Climactic Disruption in 10,000 years. Global changes resulting from the Environmental Catastrophe affected Humans from Mongolia to Constantinople, Greenland to Antarctica which precipitated plague, famine and widespread death from starvation and disease. Great migrations and tumultuous events ensued which brought on the fall of the great Mexican city of Teotihuacan, the Anglo-Saxon victory over the Celts and the rise of the unified peoples of China. If one Volcano, Tambora, registering 7 on the VEI index brought Volcanic Winter to the summer of 1816, just imagine the consequences of two in the same year . . . A quote in shivering detail is ascribed to Cassiodorus by Rampino et al. “the Sun . . . seems to have lost its wonted light, and appears of a blush color. We marvel to see no shadows of our bodies at noon, to feel the mighty vigor of the Sun’s heat wasted into feebleness, and the phenomena which accompanies an eclipse prolonged through almost a whole year. We have had . . . a summer without heat . . . the crops have been chilled by north winds . . . the rain is denied . . .”

    – The plague of Justinian wiped out 25% of the population of the known world and
    50% of the citizens of Rome (the first known version of the Bubonic Plague)
    – There were 7 years of crop failures
    – Empires around the world fell
    – In places drought destroyed the land and the crops
    – In others torrential rains and floods brought chaos and death
    – Tree ring growth did not return to normal for 15 years
    – Even the Nile and the Black Sea were known to have frozen over
    – Temperatures took up to 30 years to return to normal
    – The “Bavarian hordes” descended from northern European countries in search of
    food and arable land.
    – Armies were able to cross the frozen Rhyne River and defeat the Romans in their
    encampments to the east without using the heavily fortified bridges to get there.
    – The Avar, a horse-based tribe of Mongols moved west through the mountains to
    Carpathia to challenge what was left of the Romans to the East.
    – Mass graves first for the starving and then for the plague ridden are to be found
    throughout the known civilized world.
    – In China ‘yellow dust rained like snow’ . . . The following year crops were ruined
    by snow in August

    So, this was the beginning of what we now call The Dark Ages Cooling Period. At its height the cooling was known to cause freezing of the Nile in 829 and The Black Sea (a Salt Lake) in 800 and 801 AD. (Pidwirny, 2006). These two volcanoes, Ilopango and Krakatoa, each were equal to Tambora in 1815. Together they had more than double the Climatological effect and would last more than twice as long . . . it has a logarithmic effect on Global Climate. So changed was our Planet at this time, that Humanity would take hundreds of years to recover socially, politically and culturally. Lead poisoning, the plague and famine had taken the stuffing out of the intelligencia of a world that had so flourished but a decade before. Beyond the Human toll no reference is ever made as to the status of Wildlife under these conditions . . . the word bleak is all that comes to mind.

    Volcanoes ARE climate Change . . . Everything in between I call . . .
    a return to ‘The Norm of Warm’ . . . The Roman Warming Period and The Middle Ages Warming Period are but two examples to which we MUST compare our current warming period or we have failed Science 101 . . .

    • Martin Brumby permalink
      November 2, 2021 4:40 am

      Gosh!

      That’s almost as bad as the Climate Crisis we have today!

    • Stuart Hamish permalink
      November 3, 2021 5:36 pm

      Ma-….Sorry ‘Jim Le Maistre ‘ , you are neurotically babbling nonsense ….”Bavarian hordes ‘ is a misnomer , the Romans actually hired Teutonic tribes [ who often raided Gaul over the Rhine even when it wasn’t frozen ], Huns Sarmatians and others as mercenaries or allowed them to settle in droves within the boundaries of the Roman Empire .The barbarian migrations were not all driven by climate change and chroniclers did reference the impact of climatic disruption on wildlife and domestic animals ……Tambora 1815 was one of the two or three most massive volcanic eruptions of the Holocene and yet its climatic effects only lasted a few years….

      • Jim Le Maistre permalink
        November 3, 2021 6:06 pm

        More Babbling Nonsense . . . Mr. Hamish . . .

        New England, USA. No Growth Rings on Oak Trees for Three (3) Years

        https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1815_eruption_of_Mount_Tambora

        The 1815 eruption released SO2 into the stratosphere, causing a global climate anomaly. Different methods have estimated the ejected Sulphur mass during the eruption: the petrological method; an optical depth measurement based on anatomical observations; and the polar ice core sulfate concentration method, using cores from Greenland and Antarctica. The figures vary depending on the method, ranging from 10 to 120 million tonnes.[2]

        In the spring and summer of 1815, a persistent “dry fog” was observed in the northeastern United States. The fog reddened and dimmed the sunlight, such that sunspots were visible to the naked eye. Neither wind nor rainfall dispersed the “fog”. It was identified as a stratospheric sulfate aerosol veil.[2] In summer 1816, countries in the Northern Hemisphere suffered extreme weather conditions, dubbed the “Year Without a Summer”. Average global temperatures decreased by about 0.4 to 0.7 °C (0.7 to 1.3 °F),[7] enough to cause significant agricultural problems around the globe. On 4 June 1816, frosts were reported in the upper elevations of New Hampshire, Maine, Vermont, and northern New York. On 6 June 1816, snow fell in Albany, New York and Dennysville, Maine.[2] On 8 June 1816, the snow cover in Cabot, Vermont was reported still to be 46 cm (18 in) deep.[21] Such conditions occurred for at least three months and ruined most agricultural crops in North America. Canada experienced extreme cold during that summer. Snow 30 cm (12 in) deep accumulated near Quebec City from 6 to 10 June 1816.

        The second-coldest year in the Northern Hemisphere since around 1400 was 1816, and the 1810s are the coldest decade on record. That was the consequence of Tambora’s 1815 eruption and possibly another VEI-6 eruption in late 1808. The surface temperature anomalies during the summer of 1816, 1817, and 1818 were −0.51 °C (−0.92 °F), −0.44 °C (−0.79 °F), and −0.29 °C (−0.52 °F), respectively.[9] Parts of Europe also experienced a stormier winter.[citation needed]

        This climate anomaly has been blamed for the severity of typhus epidemics in southeast Europe and along the eastern Mediterranean Sea between 1816 and 1819.[2] The climate changes disrupted the Indian monsoons, caused three failed harvests and famine, and contributed to the spread of a new strain of cholera that originated in Bengal in 1816.[22] Many livestock died in New England during the winter of 1816–1817. Cool temperatures and heavy rains resulted in failed harvests in Britain and Ireland. Families in Wales travelled long distances as refugees, begging for food. Famine was prevalent in north and southwest Ireland, following the failure of wheat, oat, and potato harvests. The crisis was severe in Germany, where food prices rose sharply, and demonstrations in front of grain markets and bakeries, followed by riots, arson, and looting, took place in many European cities. It was the worst famine of the 19th century.[2]

      • Stuart Hamish permalink
        November 4, 2021 12:38 am

        ” Tambora was one of the most massive two or three volcanic eruptions of the Holocene and yet its climatic effects only lasted for a few years ”

        All the information you provided spans 1816 to 1819 …..A few years. just as I said ….Moreover the worst famine of the 19th century was 1876 – 78 in which an estimated 40 – 50 million perished worldwide ……You’re a trolling pest

      • Jim Le Maistre permalink
        November 4, 2021 5:15 pm

        Mt Askja, Iceland 1875 . . . Askja was virtually unknown until the tremendous eruption which started on March 29, 1875. Especially in the Eastfjords of Iceland, the ashfall was heavy enough to poison the land and kill livestock. Ash, or tephra from this eruption was wind-blown to Norway, Sweden, Germany Poland and Russia.

  9. cookers52 permalink
    November 2, 2021 7:52 am

    The first hard frost today on the Warwickshire Feldon, the countryside looks ready for Winter, the farmer has finished his Autumn preparations of the enormous arable fields.

    Livestock moved off the low lying land, the river Avon is nicely banks full flowing. Only pet horses left at risk.

    The environmental catastrophe is absent.

    • Jim Le Maistre permalink
      November 4, 2021 1:10 am

      Mr. Hamish

      Polite debate does NOT include disparaging commentary when you disagree.
      In future keep your snide remarks for bar room brawls.

      • Stuart Hamish permalink
        November 4, 2021 6:48 am

        Permit me to remind you that you are not [ notice I do not feel the need to aggressively capitalize words such as ‘not’ to somehow overcompensate or intimidate as you do ] here debating in good faith with intellectual honesty as you and I well know …You are intelligent however your presumed politeness is superficial , there is a distinction between respectful disagreement and trolling complete with turgid reams of meaningless diversionary information and you are prone to sneering disparaging remarks yourself : ” In future keep your snide remarks for bar room brawls ” ? The irony is risible although lost on ‘you’ .. Why not discuss the 1921 heat and dry conditions in England which happens to be the original topic ? ..

      • Stuart Hamish permalink
        November 4, 2021 7:02 am

        Your febrile comments here do not resemble the papers authored by Jim Le Maistre

  10. mjr permalink
    November 2, 2021 8:35 am

    just watched some BBC breakfast, Feature on Cop Lane, Preston . Starts with teacher indoctrinating 7 year old kids, and ends with a climate zealot professor from Lancaster university visiting a mother and kid and shaming her about the kid not knowing what to recycle, having milk and beef in her fridge, (cow farts dontcha know!) and having a diesel car, and having a gas boiler. BBC being impartial as ever .

    • November 2, 2021 8:37 am

      You watch the BBC? Then you get what you deserve!

    • Adam Gallon permalink
      November 2, 2021 11:27 am

      I assume she didn’t tell him to go forth & multiply?

      • Gerry, England permalink
        November 2, 2021 1:40 pm

        Possible did but edited out as too early even for the BBC.

  11. November 2, 2021 8:50 pm

    Years ago I worked near the Nelson River, in northern Manitoba, Canada, just 162 miles south of the Hudson’s Bay Port of Churchill! At the bottom of the river banks were fossils of palm fronds! Yes, palm trees grew 500 miles south of the Arctic Circle! Now please tell me more about this anthropogenic global warming crisis!! I’ll wait!

  12. John H permalink
    November 3, 2021 8:15 am

    I hear that the world leaders took time off from posing and posturing to decide that deforestation was to be reduced. Does that mean that Drax power station is to be converted from burning wood pellets to burning gas, oil, old tyres, …..?

  13. Jim Le Maistre permalink
    November 3, 2021 4:53 pm

    Jennyp99 and Stuart Hamish

    YES the Sun . . . No doubt . . .But . . .

    On July 18th, 2011 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an agency of the United States Government, declared, in Scientific American and also in Nature Geoscience on July 17th, 2011, that more than 1/2 of all the heat that keeps planet Earth from freezing in the cosmos comes from the fission reactor at the Earth’s core. The other half of the heat that keeps life possible on Earth, comes from the Sun. The earth’s core is said to be 6,230degrees centigrade . . . Equal to the temperature of the surface of the Sun. Scientists described the core of the Earth as a Fission reactor producing more than one half of all the heat needed to survive in the Universe as we careen through space at 107,000 kilometers per hour circling around the Sun. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/nuclear-fission-confirmed-as-source-of-more-than-half-of-earths-heat/

    Not one research paper regarding ‘Climate Change’ ever written to this day includes that 50% contribution to Global Warming coming from the Earth’s core. Or, conversely the natural cooling effect of Volcanoes above VEI 6.100 % of all papers written to date describe the effects of the Sun and Solar radiation as being the only source of energy. How will that effect our long-term calculations considering this one dramatic alteration to statistical analysis? And how will this one enormous fact change our views of Climate Change?

    100% of current data describing ‘Man-Made climate change’ is flawed by at least 50 % !
    100 % of the computer models developed to project Climate Change are missing 50% of the input heat from the Earth’s core and Sub-Oceanic Volcanoes. No Scientist currently examining Climate Change has considered this massive influence coming from the Fission Reactor at the Earth’s core. There is absolutely no data representing the energy released from the thousands of Volcanoes erupting under the Oceans every year in any document anywhere to be found regarding Climate Change. We have spent Billions of dollars studying Climate Change and we have completely ignored the fundamental basis of Good Science. How can any Scientific paper describing Climate Change be accredited or honorably Peer Reviewed, when 50% of the input contributors are missing? . . .

    The power of consensus thinking . . .?!

    • November 3, 2021 4:56 pm

      Yes – I saw that. Doesn’t surprise me at all. The models miss so many variables

    • Jim Le Maistre permalink
      November 3, 2021 5:11 pm

      Great reference . . . Thanks for that . . .

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